Case #21

Shou Ling Leong, M.D.
Assistant Professor
Department of Family & Community Medicine
Penn State University College of Medicine

Sources:

Beckmann CRB, Ling FW, Herbert WNP, et al. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 3^rd Edition. Williams & Wilkins: 1998, Baltimore. 

Goroll AH. “Approach to the woman with abnormal vaginal bleeding.” In: Goroll AH, May LA, Mulley AG, Jr. Primary Care Medicine: Office Evaluation and Management of the Adult Patient, 3^rd Edition. JB Lippincott Co.: 1995, Philadelphia. 

Dorin MH. “Vaginal bleeding.” In: Rubin RH, Voss C, Derksen DJ, et al. Medicine: A Primary Care Approach. WB Saunders & Co.: 1996, Philadelphia. 

Cheng R, Sondheimer S. “Abnormal menstruation.” In: Noble, J. Textbook of Primary Care Medicine, 3^rd Edition. Mosby: 2001, St. Louis. 

Crum CC. “The female genital tract.” In: Cotran RS, Kumar V, Collins T. Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, 6^th Edition. WB Saunders & Co.: 1999, Philadelphia. 

Hull MG. “Female infertility.” Endocrinology & Metabolism Clinics of North America, Dec 1998, Vol. 27, No. 4, p. 851-76.

Aeby TC. “The effect of peritoneal fluid from patients with endometriosis on human sperm function in vitro.” American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, June 1996, Vol. 174, No. 6, p. 1776-1783.

Harada T, Yoshioka H, Yoshida S, et al.  “Increased interleukin-6 levels in peritoneal fluid of infertile patients with active endometriosis.” American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, March 1997, Vol. 176, No. 3, p. 593-597.

Apgar BS. “Dysmenorrhea and dysfunctional uterine bleeding.” Primary Care, March 1997, Vol. 24, No. 1, p. 161-178.

Bravender T. “Menstrual disorders. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding.” Pediatric Clinics of North America. June 1999, Vol. 46, No. 3, p. 545-553.

Jones HW III, Wentz AC, Burnett LS. Novak’s Textbook of Gynecology, 11^th Edition. Williams & Wilkins: 1988, Baltimore.

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