Case #17B

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Click here to open your browser's e-mail system. This is where you will record your answers to questions plus any comments you want to pass along to your instructor. After entering your answers, you can check your response by clicking "Faculty Comments".  In the subject line of the e-mail form, enter your name and the name of the case being submitted, i.e., Case #17B." When you finish your session with Family Medicine On-line, click the Send button in the e-mail window to forward your answers to your instructor. If you end your session before completing the case, click the Send button to submit your answers, and then exit your browser.

To complete the case during another session, go to the first page of the case and click the link above and then advance to the page where you left off. When finished with this session, click the Send button in the e-mail window. All materials copyrighted 2006 by Penn State University.

If you have completed case Y, this is a review. Completion of this case will not be counted toward your assignment.


Chief Complaint

 

"Completion of Depression #1 (Case #17 A) is recommended before completing this case"

It is two weeks later, and Mr. Bender returns to your office for his follow-up appointment. You recall he was started on Prozac, a Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) at his last visit. He has his initial session with a master-level counselor in three days. His TSH and T4 are both normal. His chest x-ray is unremarkable.

Mr. Bender is not accompanied by his wife today, stating she is "home with our 6-year old -- he is sick again." You ask him how he has been tolerating his medication. He hesitates and says, "I only started it seven days ago. I wasn't going to take that stuff, but my wife kept bugging me to get the prescription filled. Actually, she's the one who finally got it filled."

When asked how he is feeling since starting the medication seven days ago, Mr. Bender describes intermittent mild nausea. He reports no other perceived side effects at this time.

 
  1. What are some of the reasons a patient may not be compliant with therapy or medication?
  2. What are the most common side effects of the SSRIs? How do the SSRIs interact with other drugs?
  3. What are the differences between the various SSRIs?
  4. What types of sexual dysfunction are seen with the SSRIs? What can be done about these side effects?
  5. You recall that Mr. Bender consumes a "few" beers each weekend. Are you concerned about the interaction between alcohol and his SSRI?
  6. What are some of the common side effects of the following antidepressants:
    Effexor XR (venlafaxine), Wellbutrin (bupropion), Serzone (nefazodone), Desyrel (trazodone), Remeron (mirtazapine), and Cymbalta (dualoxetine),?
  7. What side effects are commonly seen with TCAs? What are the most dangerous side effects of TCAs?
  8. What serious side effect is unique to Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) Inhibitors?
  9. How does the cost of antidepressants in different classes compare?

Social History

Mr. Bender states that he has been sleeping "a little better," but he still feels as though he has no energy. His depressive symptoms remain "about the same" and he continues to deny suicidal ideation. In the Review of Systems, Mr. Bender's only new complaint is the intermittent mild nausea. He continues to have a poor appetite, but according to the office scale has gained 1 pound since his last visit.

He then asks, "When will I start to see some benefit from this medicine?"

  1. What do you tell your patient?
  2. What is an adequate trial of an antidepressant medication?
  3. How long should a patient be treated for MDD?
  4. What issues should be included in this BioPsychoSocial treatment?
Two weeks later, Mr. Bender's name appears on your schedule. You enter the examination room to find both Mr. and Mrs. Bender.

Mr. Bender is concerned that he still feels "blue most of the time" and that his situation is "hopeless." He tells you that his counseling session went well, but he wonders how "talking about things" will make him happier. Mr. Bender also complains of nausea to the point that he can hardly eat -- his weight is down two pounds from his last visit. He continues to deny suicidal ideation.

  1. If the patient's initial trial with an antidepressant is not tolerated, what other pharmacotherapy could be considered?
  2. While substitution is a strategy for treating non-responding patients, augmentation is another option. What medications are commonly prescribed to augment an antidepressant medication?
  3. What do you recall about Electro Convulsive Therapy (ECT)?
  4. What are the side effects of ECT?
  5. What do you explain to the Mr. And Mrs. Bender regarding use of ECT at this time?
  6. A referral to psychiatry would be necessary to determine if ECT would be an appropriate option for a patient. When else would referral to psychiatry be appropriate?
  7. What are the various inpatient and outpatient treatment options available for patients with depression?
  8. What are the rates of MDD in pediatrics? How do patients often present?
  9. In addition to depression in children and adolescents, family physicians encounter patients with depressive symptoms surrounding pregnancy. How do the postpartum blues differ from postpartum depression?
It is now nine months later. Mr. Bender has been compliant with his medication, and has been free of depressive symptoms for the past six months. His interest in sports has returned and he is playing basketball once a week with friends. He says that his counseling has helped him to learn how to communicate more effectively with his wife. Mr. Bender states he plans to continue this individual therapy once every two weeks. Incidentally, he continues to smoke, but is "thinking about quitting" so I can "play hoops better."
  1. Mr. Bender is inquisitive about how long he needs to take his medication, particularly in light of its cost. What do you tell him?
  2. What are some of the things patient can do to help with their depression? Where can one get more information about depression?
  3. Mr. Bender asks you "will my depression come back again?" What is your response?

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