Xerosis
Also known as: Dry Skin
What is it?
Xerosis is the medical term for dry skin.
Who gets it?
Anyone can get dry skin.
What causes it?
Dry skin is caused by a lack of moisture. This is most
common during the winter months, when heating systems dry
the air. Bathing with hot water, spending extended periods
of time in the hot sun, and the skin’s natural aging
process also remove moisture and oils from the skin.
What are the symptoms?
The symptoms of dry skin include itching, flaking, and
fine lines. Xerosis of the foot is common in patients with
diabetes and can lead to severe complications, such as
ulcers, infections, and cracks in the skin (fissures).
How is it diagnosed?
Dry skin is diagnosed by appearance.
What is the treatment?
The treatment for dry skin is to return moisture to the
skin. You can do this by applying moisturizing oils or
lotions, using mild soaps when bathing, and avoiding
rubbing the skin dry after a shower or bath. Instead, pat
gently with a towel. The best time to moisturize is right
after a shower or bath, when the water helps trap the
moisture in your skin. You can increase the humidity in
your home during the winter months with a humidifier.
Severe xerosis, as in diabetic patients, is treated with a
prescription medicated lotion. In some cases, xerosis can
cause severe complications in diabetic patients, requiring
amputation of the foot.
Self-care tips
Maintaining a balanced diet, exercising, and drinking
plenty of water contribute to healthy, supple skin. If you
must spend time in the sun, wear a sunscreen with a sun
protection factor (SPF) of 15 or higher. If you are a
diagnosed diabetic, have your feet examined regularly for
signs of xerosis and its complications. Keep your feet
well moisturized to prevent dry, cracked skin.
This information has been designed as a comprehensive and quick reference
guide written by our health care reviewers. The health information written
by our authors is intended to be a supplement to the care provided by your
physician. It is not intended nor implied to be a substitute for
professional medical advice.
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